Four papers in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics received formal expressions of concern
Elevated LL-37 levels have been found in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, where it is associated with increased neutrophil and mast cell infiltration
A 2021 analysis of peptide products purchased from online vendors found that 17 of 23 samples (74%) contained less than 90% of the labeled active ingredient, and 8 of 23 (35%) contained detectable bacterial endotoxins at levels above USP limits

Poster Session II - RISK FACTORS - PRIMARY AND SECONDAR PREVENTION 05.00 - RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY) - 05.03 - EPIDEMIOLOGY & RISK FACTORS P990 - ESOC25-1846 SLEEP DEEPER: INVESTIGATING THE LINK BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND CEREBRAL SMALL VESSEL DISEASE Mareike Ludwig 1 , Arne Bttcher 2 , Hoffmann Anna-Sophie 2 , Marvin Petersen 1 , Clausen Jacob Friedrich 2 , Gtz Thomalla, Ines Schfer 3 , Alena Haack 3 , Betz Christian 2 , Bastian Cheng 1 1 Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 3 Epidemiological Study Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Background and Aims: Increasing evidence links sleep quality to cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which may contribute to vascular dementia
And there are really three different paths by which people obtain these peptides
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