One cause of B12 deficiency includes pernicious anemia, a condition that results in a reduction of red blood cells when the intestines cannot absorb enough vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 deficiency in long-term metformin treated type 2 diabetic patients: prevalence and risk factors in a Tunisian population
Route/evidence mismatch: the pivotal mouse study tested subcutaneous injection at a fixed research dose (20 mg/kg, three times daily) the oral capsule use that is actually sold and discussed commercially has not itself been directly tested in that published research
Several types of meat contain plenty of niacin, including chicken
Collagen and fibroblast activity: In animal studies, BPC-157 has been associated with altered fibroblast activity and collagen deposition patterns
Because of this, taking more than the recommended dosage of Vitamin B-12 will neither help nor harm you unless you have an actual problem with deficiency